Orthodox Church of Saint Demetrius, Czarna

Cerkiew grekokatolicka św. Dymitra

The village of Czarna is part of the parish of Brunary. Its founding charter was issued by the Kraków bishop, Franciszek Krasiński, on July 23, 1575. Grzegorz Srzedziński (Hryhoryj Seredyński) –the sołtys (chief official of a rural district) of Jaszkowa, one of the oldest villages in the Muszyna area – was the one to receive the founding charter. From its very beginnings, the village was owned by the bishops of Kraków and was located within the Muszyna district (‘starostwo’), which belonged to them. In the Lemko Region, almost all buildings were built using horizontally-layered logs connected with wooden joints at the corners. The Orthodox church in Czarna is built from logs split along the grain (semi-circular) and prepared to have decorations painted on the inside. An iconostasis between the chancel and nave physically separates the congregation from the altar. In the Eastern Rite, the chancel is considered the vestibule of paradise and is closed to the living. The iconostasis is an altar partition, but it does not separate these spaces – it joins them. The two-level wooden altar with a wooden mensa is Baroque in style. In the central field, framed by two columns, is a large Hodegetria-type icon of the Virgin Mary, surrounded by depictions of Old Testament figures. Adjacent to the main altar are two large carved wood decorations with two oval medallions depicting the parents of Mary: Joachim on the right and Anne on the left. On the upper level of the altar is an icon of the Annunciation in an ornate frame. The altar is crowned with a Latin cross. The traditional word for ‘altar’ in the Eastern Rite is ‘prestoł’ – the first of all tables because it was where the first Eucharist took place and where it takes place to this day, during each service. In accordance with the Eastern tradition, the altar is square in plan and takes the form of a wooden chest. In its eastern side is a compartment for liturgical paraments and books. It was used in the period preceding the addition of a vestry to the chancel. Originally, it was probably covered by a dome-shaped ciborium supported by four columns. The altar contains holy relics. There is a tabernacle on the central part of its surface. Until the beginning of the 19th century, the area around the church was used as a graveyard. Only a few years after Emperor Joseph II forbade churchyard burials in 1784, an area above the church was designated for a new cemetery, which is used to this day. After the Second World War, the cemetery was crumbling. It only became a burial space again after it was restored at the start of the 21st century.


 
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