Fulling Mill, Ethnographic Museum, Krakow

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The fulling mill was a workshop where airy woollen fabric was turning into a thick and dense broadcloth. Artisans worked accompanied by the sound of the stream whose quick current moved the wheel outside. The wheel attached to the shaft inside set hammers in motion. Their loud beat is another sound characteristic for fulling. The hammers fell repeatedly on the fabric immersed in hot water. After eight hours of processing, the fabric shrank, losing almost one third of its area. It became compact and slightly stiff so that it could protect against the wind and rain. Thick broadcloth was a good material for cloaks, hats and trousers, especially in the harsh mountain climate. Therefore, fulling mills were particularly popular in mountain areas. Our fulling mill was brought here from Jaworki near Szczawnica, an area that used to be inhabited by Lemkos. In 1951, the planks and logs of the mill, scorched in a fire, were brought from the mountain wilderness in horse-drawn carts, then trucks transported them to the recently renovated city hall building in the Krakow district of Kazimierz. Stanisław Giblak and Andrzej Plewa, the same people who reconstructed the oil press in the adjacent room, installed them in the historical interior.


 
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