The lineage of the Sanguszko Dukes can be traced back to the Lithuanian grand duke Olgierd. Of Olgierd’s twelve sons, Fedor was the youngest. Around 1350, Olgierd married the Twer princess Julianna, who was his second wife and the mother of the later Polish king, Jagiellon.  The offspring of the Sanguszkos, Duke Fedor and Jagiello, were thus half-brothers. The Sanguszko family used the ‘Lithuanian Pogonia’ (‘Pogoń Litewska’) coat of arms . The Sanguszkos’ relationship with Tarnów dates back to 1710, when Duke Paweł Karol Sanguszko married Maria Anna, née Lubomirska, heiress of the Ostrog ordinance and of Tarnów. Both portraits and marble busts of representatives of the Sanguszko family are on displays. The portrait worth special attention depicts Duchess Barbara Sanguszko, née Dunin, painted by Marcello Bacciarelli – court painter to King Stanisław August Poniatowski. Another valuable painting is the portrait of Klementyna Sanguszko painted by the Italian artist Vinzenco Camuccini. Also on display is one of the most valuable works in the Museum, the 1635 painting ‘Ecce Homo’ by Carlo Dolci.